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Last Updated: March 20, 2025

Linaclotide - Generic Drug Details


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What are the generic drug sources for linaclotide and what is the scope of freedom to operate?

Linaclotide is the generic ingredient in two branded drugs marketed by Aurobindo Pharma, Mylan, and Abbvie, and is included in three NDAs. There are seven patents protecting this compound and one Paragraph IV challenge. Additional information is available in the individual branded drug profile pages.

Linaclotide has two hundred and eighteen patent family members in forty-five countries.

There are ten drug master file entries for linaclotide. One supplier is listed for this compound. There is one tentative approval for this compound.

Summary for linaclotide
Recent Clinical Trials for linaclotide

Identify potential brand extensions & 505(b)(2) entrants

SponsorPhase
Jinling Hospital, ChinaN/A
AbbViePhase 2
AbbViePhase 3

See all linaclotide clinical trials

Generic filers with tentative approvals for LINACLOTIDE
Applicant Application No. Strength Dosage Form
⤷  Try for Free⤷  Try for Free72MCGCAPSULE;ORAL

The 'tentative' approval signifies that the product meets all FDA standards for marketing, and, but for the patents / regulatory protections, it would approved.

Pharmacology for linaclotide
Paragraph IV (Patent) Challenges for LINACLOTIDE
Tradename Dosage Ingredient Strength NDA ANDAs Submitted Submissiondate
LINZESS Capsules linaclotide 72 mcg 202811 1 2017-11-07
LINZESS Capsules linaclotide 145 mcg and 290 mcg 202811 4 2016-08-30

US Patents and Regulatory Information for linaclotide

ApplicantTradenameGeneric NameDosageNDAApproval DateTETypeRLDRSPatent No.Patent ExpirationProductSubstanceDelist Req.Exclusivity Expiration
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-001 Aug 30, 2012 RX Yes Yes 8,933,030 ⤷  Try for Free Y ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-001 Aug 30, 2012 RX Yes Yes 7,304,036 ⤷  Try for Free Y Y ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-002 Aug 30, 2012 RX Yes No 9,708,371 ⤷  Try for Free Y ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-002 Aug 30, 2012 RX Yes No 7,304,036 ⤷  Try for Free Y Y ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-002 Aug 30, 2012 RX Yes No 8,802,628 ⤷  Try for Free Y ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-003 Jan 25, 2017 RX Yes Yes 10,702,576 ⤷  Try for Free ⤷  Try for Free
Aurobindo Pharma LINACLOTIDE linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 209611-002 Feb 7, 2023 DISCN No No ⤷  Try for Free ⤷  Try for Free ⤷  Try for Free
>Applicant>Tradename>Generic Name>Dosage>NDA>Approval Date>TE>Type>RLD>RS>Patent No.>Patent Expiration>Product>Substance>Delist Req.>Exclusivity Expiration
Showing 1 to 7 of 7 entries

Expired US Patents for linaclotide

ApplicantTradenameGeneric NameDosageNDAApproval DatePatent No.Patent Expiration
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-002 Aug 30, 2012 8,080,526 ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-003 Jan 25, 2017 7,371,727 ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-003 Jan 25, 2017 8,110,553 ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-001 Aug 30, 2012 8,110,553 ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-002 Aug 30, 2012 7,704,947 ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-001 Aug 30, 2012 7,745,409 ⤷  Try for Free
Abbvie LINZESS linaclotide CAPSULE;ORAL 202811-003 Jan 25, 2017 8,080,526 ⤷  Try for Free
>Applicant>Tradename>Generic Name>Dosage>NDA>Approval Date>Patent No.>Patent Expiration
Showing 1 to 7 of 7 entries

EU/EMA Drug Approvals for linaclotide

CompanyDrugnameInnProduct Number / IndicationStatusGenericBiosimilarOrphanMarketing AuthorisationMarketing Refusal
AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Constella linaclotide EMEA/H/C/002490
Constella is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of moderate to severe irritable-bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) in adults.
Authorised no no no 2012-11-26
>Company>Drugname>Inn>Product Number / Indication>Status>Generic>Biosimilar>Orphan>Marketing Authorisation>Marketing Refusal
Showing 1 to 1 of 1 entries

International Patents for linaclotide

CountryPatent NumberTitleEstimated Expiration
Australia 2009235993 Methods and compositions for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders ⤷  Try for Free
Australia 2011218009 Treatments for gastrointestinal disorders ⤷  Try for Free
China 116825726 菱形的晶片级芯片尺寸封装 (Rhombic wafer level chip scale package) ⤷  Try for Free
European Patent Office 2088154 Procédés et compositions pour le traitement de troubles gastro-intestinaux (Methods and compositions for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders) ⤷  Try for Free
Japan 2021073297 経口投与に好適なGC−C受容体アゴニストポリペプチドの安定な固体製剤 (STABLE SOLID FORMULATION OF GC-C RECEPTOR AGONIST POLYPEPTIDE SUITABLE FOR ORAL ADMINISTRATION) ⤷  Try for Free
Japan 2013116910 METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATMENT OF GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS ⤷  Try for Free
South Korea 20200105730 경구 투여를 위한 리나클로타이드-함유 제형 (- LINACLOTIDE-CONTAINING FORMULATIONS FOR ORAL ADMINISTRATION) ⤷  Try for Free
>Country>Patent Number>Title>Estimated Expiration
Showing 1 to 7 of 7 entries

Supplementary Protection Certificates for linaclotide

Patent NumberSupplementary Protection CertificateSPC CountrySPC ExpirationSPC Description
1594517 466 Finland ⤷  Try for Free
1594517 5012-2013 Slovakia ⤷  Try for Free PRODUCT NAME: LINACLOTIDUM; REGISTRATION NO/DATE: EU/1/12/801/001 - EU/1/12/801/004 20121126
2246360 92201 Luxembourg ⤷  Try for Free PRODUCT NAME: LINACLOTIDE ET TOUTE FORME THERAPEUTIQUE EQUIVALENTE DE CELUI-CI, PROTETE PAR LE BREVET DE BASE, Y COMPRIS DES SELS PHARMACEUTIQUEMENT ACCEPTABLES; AUTHORISATION NUMBER AND DATE: EU/1/12/801/001-004 20121126
1594517 C300593 Netherlands ⤷  Try for Free PRODUCT NAME: LINACLOTIDE; REGISTRATION NO/DATE: EU/1/12/801/001-004 20121126
2246360 CA 2013 00027 Denmark ⤷  Try for Free PRODUCT NAME: LINACLOTID OG ENHVER TERAPEUTISK AEKVIVALENT FORM DERAF SOM ER BESKYTTET AF GRUNDPATENTET, HERUNDER DE ACCEPTABLE SALTE DERAF, INKLUSIVE SALTENE AF LINACLOTID; REG. NO/DATE: EU/1/12/801/001-004 20121128
1594517 CR 2013 00026 Denmark ⤷  Try for Free PRODUCT NAME: LINACLOTID OG FARMACEUTISKE ACCEPTABLE SALTE DERAF; REG. NO/DATE: EU/1/12/801/001-004 20121128
2246360 PA2013014 Lithuania ⤷  Try for Free PRODUCT NAME: LINACLOTIDUM; REGISTRATION NO/DATE: EU/1/12/801/001 - EU/1/12/801/004 20121126
>Patent Number>Supplementary Protection Certificate>SPC Country>SPC Expiration>SPC Description
Showing 1 to 7 of 7 entries

Market Dynamics and Financial Trajectory for Linaclotide

Overview of Linaclotide

Linaclotide, marketed under the brand name LINZESS in the U.S. and CONSTELLA in Europe, is a groundbreaking medication in the class of guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) agonists. It is primarily used to treat irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC)[3][4].

Market Size and Growth

As of 2024, the global linaclotide market is estimated to be USD 1425.2 million. This market is projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 7.60% from 2024 to 2031, reaching USD 2379.91 million by the end of the forecast period[1].

Regional Market Dynamics

North America

North America dominates the linaclotide market, accounting for more than 40% of the global revenue with a market size of USD 570.08 million in 2024. This region is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.8% from 2024 to 2031. The high prevalence of IBS-C and CIC, along with advanced healthcare infrastructure, contributes to this dominance[1][3].

Europe

Europe holds around 30% of the global revenue, with a market size of USD 427.56 million in 2024. The European market is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 6.1% from 2024 to 2031. The presence of major market players and the increasing awareness of gastrointestinal disorders drive this growth[1].

Asia-Pacific

The Asia-Pacific region accounts for approximately 23% of the global revenue, with a market size of USD 327.80 million in 2024. This region is expected to experience the highest CAGR of 9.6% from 2024 to 2031, driven by rising awareness of gastrointestinal disorders and improving healthcare infrastructure[1].

Latin America and Middle East & Africa

Latin America and the Middle East & Africa hold smaller market shares, with 5% and 2% of the global revenue, respectively. These regions are expected to grow at CAGRs of 7.0% and 7.3% from 2024 to 2031[1].

Financial Performance of Ironwood Pharmaceuticals

Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, the developer of linaclotide, has seen significant financial success with LINZESS. In 2021, LINZESS achieved blockbuster status with U.S. net sales exceeding $1 billion. The total revenue for Ironwood Pharmaceuticals in 2021 was $413.753 million, primarily driven by $400 million in U.S. LINZESS collaboration revenue[4].

Revenue Breakdown

  • U.S. LINZESS Net Sales: $1,005,856,000 in 2021, up from $931,211,000 in 2020.
  • Net Profit on LINZESS Sales: $701,321,000 in 2021, compared to $619,091,000 in 2020.
  • Cash from Operations: $261.9 million in 2021, an increase from $168.8 million in 2020[4].

Future Outlook

Ironwood Pharmaceuticals is expected to continue its revenue growth, with projected total revenues between $420 to $430 million in 2022 and adjusted EBITDA exceeding $250 million. The company is also focusing on expanding its gastrointestinal (GI) pipeline, including new treatments for visceral pain conditions and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)[4].

Market Drivers

Increasing Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Disorders

The rising prevalence of IBS-C and CIC is a significant driver for the linaclotide market. Modern dietary habits and lifestyle changes have contributed to an increase in gastrointestinal disorders, thereby boosting the demand for effective treatments like linaclotide[3].

Advanced Healthcare Infrastructure

Regions with advanced healthcare infrastructure, such as North America and Europe, are seeing higher adoption rates of linaclotide due to better diagnostic capabilities and treatment options[1][3].

R&D Activities

Continuous research and development activities in the healthcare sector, particularly in the GI space, are driving innovation and expanding the market for linaclotide. New clinical studies and pipeline developments by companies like Ironwood Pharmaceuticals further enhance market growth[4].

Market Challenges

Competition

While linaclotide is a first-in-class medication, the IBS-C drug market is competitive, with other treatments available. However, its unique mechanism of action as a GC-C agonist gives it a competitive edge[3].

Regulatory Environment

Changes in regulatory environments and healthcare policies can impact the market dynamics. However, the strong approval and market presence of linaclotide in various regions mitigate these risks to some extent[1].

Key Takeaways

  • The global linaclotide market is projected to grow significantly, driven by the increasing prevalence of IBS-C and CIC.
  • North America and Europe are the dominant regions, with Asia-Pacific expected to show the highest growth rate.
  • Ironwood Pharmaceuticals has achieved substantial financial success with LINZESS, and the company is focused on expanding its GI pipeline.
  • Advanced healthcare infrastructure and ongoing R&D activities are key drivers of the market.

FAQs

What is linaclotide used for?

Linaclotide is used for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) and chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC)[3].

Which company developed linaclotide?

Linaclotide was developed by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals and is marketed under the brand name LINZESS in the U.S. and CONSTELLA in Europe[4].

What is the projected market size of linaclotide by 2031?

The global linaclotide market is expected to reach USD 2379.91 million by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 7.60% from 2024 to 2031[1].

Which region has the highest CAGR for linaclotide?

The Asia-Pacific region is expected to have the highest CAGR of 9.6% from 2024 to 2031[1].

What were the U.S. net sales of LINZESS in 2021?

The U.S. net sales of LINZESS exceeded $1 billion in 2021[4].

Sources

  1. Cognitive Market Research: Global Linaclotide Market Report 2024.
  2. Fierce Biotech: Ironwood Pharmaceuticals Announces Alignment of Workforce with Priority Growth Platforms.
  3. Stratview Research: IBS-C Drug Market Growth, Trends & Forecast Analysis | 2026.
  4. Ironwood Pharmaceuticals: Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2021 Results.
  5. Market Research Intellect: Global Linaclotide API Market Size, Scope And Forecast Report.

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