United States Patent 3,998,834: A Detailed Analysis of Scope, Claims, and Patent Landscape
Introduction
United States Patent 3,998,834, titled "N-(4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylamides and -carbamates," is a significant patent in the field of pharmaceuticals, particularly for its contribution to the development of potent analgesic compounds. This patent, granted to Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., is a continuation-in-part of earlier applications and represents a milestone in the synthesis and application of N-(4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylamides and -carbamates.
Background of the Invention
The patent pertains to novel N-(4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylamides and -carbamates, which exhibit very potent analgesic activity. These compounds are part of a broader class of synthetic opioids that have been crucial in pain management. The invention includes methods for preparing these compounds and useful intermediates involved in their synthesis[2].
Scope of the Patent
The scope of the patent is defined by its claims, which outline the specific compounds, their structures, and the methods for their preparation. Here are some key aspects:
Compounds
The patent covers a range of N-(4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylamides and -carbamates, each with specific structural features that contribute to their analgesic properties. These compounds are characterized by their piperidine and phenyl groups, which are essential for their biological activity[2].
Methods of Preparation
The patent details various synthetic routes for preparing these compounds. This includes step-by-step processes involving the synthesis of intermediates and the final compounds. The methods are designed to optimize yield and purity, which are critical for pharmaceutical applications[2].
Intermediates
The patent also describes useful intermediates that are necessary for the synthesis of the final compounds. These intermediates are often complex molecules that require precise conditions for their formation and subsequent transformation into the desired analgesics[2].
Claims Analysis
The claims of the patent are the legal boundaries that define the invention and distinguish it from prior art. Here are some key points:
Independent Claims
The patent includes independent claims that define the broad scope of the invention. These claims typically describe the general structure of the compounds and the methods for their preparation. For example, Claim 1 might describe the general formula of the N-(4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylamides, while Claim 2 might outline a specific method for synthesizing these compounds[2].
Dependent Claims
Dependent claims further narrow down the scope by specifying particular aspects of the compounds or methods. These claims often describe specific substituents, reaction conditions, or purification steps that are critical for achieving the desired properties of the final compounds[2].
Patent Landscape
The patent landscape surrounding U.S. Patent 3,998,834 is complex and involves several related patents and applications.
Related Patents
This patent is part of a series of related applications and patents filed by Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. It is a continuation-in-part of earlier applications, such as Ser. No. 695,509 and Ser. No. 648,685, which were filed in 1976 and 1975, respectively. These earlier applications laid the groundwork for the synthesis and characterization of N-(4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylamides and -carbamates[2].
Impact on Pharmaceutical Industry
The compounds described in this patent have had a significant impact on the pharmaceutical industry, particularly in the development of potent analgesics. For example, sufentanil, a compound synthesized using methods described in this patent, is one of the most potent opioids known and is used in clinical settings for severe pain management[4].
Patent Scope Metrics
The scope of the patent can be analyzed using metrics such as independent claim length and independent claim count. These metrics are important for assessing patent quality and the breadth of the claims.
Independent Claim Length
Research suggests that narrower claims, as measured by shorter independent claim lengths, are associated with a higher probability of grant and a shorter examination process. This implies that the claims in U.S. Patent 3,998,834, which are detailed but focused, likely underwent rigorous examination to ensure their validity and specificity[3].
Independent Claim Count
The number of independent claims also reflects the scope of the patent. A higher number of independent claims can indicate a broader scope, but it also increases the complexity and potential for litigation. In the case of U.S. Patent 3,998,834, the claims are carefully crafted to balance breadth with specificity[3].
Legal Status and Expiration
The patent has expired, as indicated by its legal status. This means that the exclusive rights granted to Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. have lapsed, and the technology described in the patent is now in the public domain. This expiration allows other companies and researchers to use and build upon the inventions described in the patent without needing to obtain a license[1].
Conclusion
United States Patent 3,998,834 is a landmark patent in the field of pharmaceuticals, particularly for its contribution to the synthesis and application of potent analgesic compounds. The patent's scope, defined by its claims, covers specific compounds and methods that have been crucial in pain management. Understanding the patent landscape and the metrics used to evaluate patent scope provides valuable insights into the significance and impact of this invention.
Key Takeaways
- Compounds and Methods: The patent covers N-(4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylamides and -carbamates with potent analgesic activity and details their synthesis.
- Claims Analysis: The patent includes independent and dependent claims that define the scope and distinguish the invention from prior art.
- Patent Landscape: The patent is part of a series of related applications and has significantly impacted the pharmaceutical industry.
- Metrics and Quality: The patent's scope can be evaluated using metrics such as independent claim length and count, indicating its specificity and validity.
- Legal Status: The patent has expired, making the technology public domain.
FAQs
What are N-(4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylamides and -carbamates?
N-(4-piperidinyl)-N-phenylamides and -carbamates are synthetic compounds with potent analgesic activity, used in pain management.
Who was the assignee of U.S. Patent 3,998,834?
The assignee of U.S. Patent 3,998,834 was Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V.
What is the significance of this patent in the pharmaceutical industry?
This patent is significant for its contribution to the development of potent analgesics, such as sufentanil, which is one of the most potent opioids known.
What metrics are used to evaluate the scope of a patent?
Metrics such as independent claim length and independent claim count are used to evaluate the scope and quality of a patent.
What is the current legal status of U.S. Patent 3,998,834?
U.S. Patent 3,998,834 has expired, making the technology described in the patent public domain.
Sources
- US3998834A - N-(4-piperidinyl)-n-phenylamides and -carbamates - Google Patents
- United States Patent (19) Janssen et al. - googleapis.com
- Patent Claims and Patent Scope - Hoover Institution
- METHODS FOR THE SYNTHESES OF ALFENTANIL, SUFENTANIL ... - European Patent Office
