Analyzing the Scope and Claims of United States Patent 5,208,256: A Comprehensive Review
Introduction
United States Patent 5,208,256, titled "Compositions and Methods for Reducing Ocular Hypertension," is a significant patent in the field of ophthalmology. This patent, which has since expired, was granted for inventions related to reducing ocular hypertension, a condition often associated with glaucoma. Here, we will delve into the scope, claims, and the broader patent landscape surrounding this invention.
Background of the Patent
Patent Overview
The patent 5,208,256 was issued on May 4, 1993, to inventors who developed compositions and methods for reducing ocular hypertension. The patent was assigned to various owners during its lifetime, with the last recorded ownership changes noted in the Canadian Patents Database[2].
Technical Field
This patent falls under the International Patent Classification (IPC) related to pharmaceutical compositions and methods, specifically targeting ophthalmic conditions. The IPC classification helps in categorizing the patent within the broader technological fields, facilitating international comparisons and searches[1].
Scope of the Patent
Invention Description
The patent describes compositions and methods for reducing ocular hypertension using prostaglandin compounds, particularly isopropyl unoprostone or 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-20-ethyl PGF2a isopropyl. These compounds are designed to lower intraocular pressure, a key factor in managing glaucoma and other ocular hypertensive conditions[2].
Claims
The patent includes several claims that define the scope of the invention. These claims typically cover:
- The specific prostaglandin compounds used.
- The formulations of these compounds for ophthalmic use.
- Methods of administering these compounds to reduce ocular hypertension.
- Any specific dosages or treatment regimens.
Each claim is carefully crafted to ensure the invention is distinct and nonobvious, meeting the criteria for patentability as defined by the USPTO[1].
Patent Claims Analysis
Independent and Dependent Claims
The patent likely includes both independent and dependent claims. Independent claims stand alone and define the invention broadly, while dependent claims build upon the independent claims, adding more specific details. For example, an independent claim might cover the use of a particular prostaglandin compound, while a dependent claim might specify the dosage or formulation of that compound[3].
Claim Scope and Breadth
The scope and breadth of the claims are critical in determining the patent's protection. Broader claims provide wider protection but are more susceptible to challenges of invalidity. Narrower claims, while more specific, offer stronger protection but may limit the invention's applicability. The balance between breadth and specificity is crucial in patent drafting[3].
Patent Landscape
Related Patents and Technologies
The patent landscape around ocular hypertension treatments is dynamic, with numerous patents and ongoing research. Other patents may cover different prostaglandin compounds, alternative formulations, or innovative delivery methods. For instance, other patents might focus on combining prostaglandins with other active ingredients or using different viscosity-increasing compounds to enhance the efficacy of ophthalmic solutions[5].
Industry Trends
The field of ophthalmology, particularly in treating glaucoma and ocular hypertension, has seen significant advancements. High R&D investments in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors have led to the development of various treatments. The trend towards more targeted and effective therapies, such as those using prostaglandin analogs, reflects the industry's focus on improving patient outcomes[1].
Global Patent Comparisons
Patents in this field are often filed in multiple jurisdictions to secure global protection. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) classification system helps in comparing and analyzing patents across different countries. This system ensures that patents are categorized consistently, facilitating international patent searches and comparisons[1].
Search and Analysis Tools
USPTO Resources
The USPTO provides several tools for searching and analyzing patents, including the Patent Public Search tool, Global Dossier, and the Patent Examination Data System (PEDS). These resources allow researchers to find related patents, analyze claim scopes, and understand the broader patent landscape[4].
International Patent Databases
Databases such as PATENTSCOPE by WIPO, esp@cenet by the European Patent Office, and others provide access to international patent collections. These resources are essential for conducting comprehensive patent searches and ensuring that an invention is novel and nonobvious on a global scale[4].
Key Takeaways
- Patent Scope and Claims: The patent 5,208,256 covers specific prostaglandin compounds and methods for reducing ocular hypertension, with claims that define the invention's scope and breadth.
- Patent Landscape: The patent is part of a larger landscape of ophthalmic treatments, with ongoing research and development in the field.
- Industry Trends: High R&D investments in the pharmaceutical sector have driven advancements in glaucoma and ocular hypertension treatments.
- Global Comparisons: The use of WIPO classification and international patent databases is crucial for analyzing and comparing patents globally.
FAQs
What is the main invention described in US Patent 5,208,256?
The main invention is the use of specific prostaglandin compounds, such as isopropyl unoprostone, to reduce ocular hypertension.
How are the claims structured in this patent?
The claims are likely structured with independent claims defining the broad scope of the invention and dependent claims adding specific details.
What tools can be used to search and analyze patents related to this field?
Tools such as the USPTO's Patent Public Search, Global Dossier, and international patent databases like PATENTSCOPE can be used.
Why is the IPC classification important for this patent?
The IPC classification helps in categorizing the patent within broader technological fields, facilitating international comparisons and searches.
What is the current status of US Patent 5,208,256?
The patent has expired and is no longer in force.
How does this patent fit into the broader landscape of ophthalmic treatments?
It is part of ongoing research and development in glaucoma and ocular hypertension treatments, reflecting industry trends towards targeted and effective therapies.
Sources
- Invention: U.S. and Comparative Global Trends - National Science Foundation
- Patent 2280089 Summary - Canadian Patents Database
- Patent Claims Research Dataset - USPTO
- Search for patents - USPTO
- Opthalmic solution - PubChem
