United States Patent 3,965,143: A Detailed Analysis of Scope, Claims, and Patent Landscape
Introduction
United States Patent 3,965,143, titled "16-Oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives," is a significant patent in the field of pharmaceuticals, particularly focusing on prostanoic acid derivatives. This patent, granted to inventors in the field of organic chemistry, outlines novel compounds and their synthesis, which have potential therapeutic applications.
Background and Context
Prostanoic acid derivatives are a class of compounds closely related to prostaglandins, which are naturally occurring substances involved in various physiological and pathological processes. The invention described in this patent involves the synthesis and characterization of 16-oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives, which could have implications for the development of new drugs.
Patent Scope
Claim Structure
The patent claims are structured around the novel 16-oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives represented by a specific structural formula. These claims are detailed and specify the various substituents and modifications that define the scope of the invention[1].
Independent Claims
The independent claims in this patent are crucial as they define the broadest scope of the invention. These claims typically include the general structure of the compounds, key functional groups, and any specific conditions or methods of synthesis. The length and complexity of these claims can indicate the breadth of the patent's scope[3].
Dependent Claims
Dependent claims further narrow down the scope by specifying additional features or limitations. These claims often build upon the independent claims, providing more detailed descriptions of specific embodiments of the invention.
Claim Language and Metrics
Independent Claim Length (ICL)
The length of the independent claims can be a metric for measuring patent scope. Longer claims often indicate a more detailed and narrow scope, while shorter claims may suggest broader coverage. In the case of US 3,965,143, the independent claims are detailed, reflecting a balanced approach between breadth and specificity[3].
Independent Claim Count (ICC)
The total number of independent claims also provides insight into the patent's scope. A higher number of independent claims can indicate a broader scope as it covers multiple aspects of the invention. For this patent, the ICC would need to be analyzed to determine how many distinct aspects of the 16-oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives are covered.
Patent Landscape
Regulatory Environment
Patents in the pharmaceutical sector are often subject to regulatory reviews by agencies such as the FDA. The term of such patents can be extended under 35 U.S.C. 156(e)(1) if the product or method has undergone significant regulatory review. However, US 3,965,143 does not appear to have been extended under this provision, as it is not listed in the relevant USPTO notices[2].
Expiration and Generic Entry
The patent has expired, as indicated by its publication date and the standard 17-year patent term. This expiration allows for generic entry into the market, enabling other companies to produce and market similar compounds without infringing on the original patent[5].
Synthesis and Purification Methods
Chemical Synthesis
The patent describes specific methods for synthesizing the 16-oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives. These methods involve various chemical reactions and transformations to achieve the desired compounds. The detailed description of these methods is crucial for reproducing the invention[1].
Purification Techniques
Purification is a critical step in ensuring the quality and efficacy of the synthesized compounds. The patent may include methods for purifying the derivatives, such as chromatography or crystallization, to obtain high-purity products.
Therapeutic Applications
Potential Uses
The 16-oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives have potential therapeutic applications, given their relation to prostaglandins. These compounds could be used in treating various conditions, such as inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, or reproductive health issues.
Market Impact
The expiration of the patent allows for broader market access to these compounds, potentially leading to more affordable treatments. However, the therapeutic efficacy and safety of these derivatives would need to be thoroughly evaluated through clinical trials before they can be approved for use.
Industry and Market Trends
Pharmaceutical Industry
The pharmaceutical industry is highly competitive and heavily regulated. Patents like US 3,965,143 play a crucial role in protecting intellectual property and encouraging innovation. The expiration of such patents can lead to increased competition from generic manufacturers.
Generic Entry
Generic entry into the market can significantly impact the pricing and availability of drugs. With the patent expired, generic versions of the 16-oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives could become more widely available, potentially reducing healthcare costs.
Litigation and Patent Quality
Patent Quality Concerns
Patent quality, including claim scope and clarity, is a significant concern in the pharmaceutical sector. Broad or unclear claims can lead to litigation and hinder innovation. The claims in US 3,965,143 would need to be scrutinized for clarity and specificity to ensure they do not impede future innovation[3].
Litigation History
There is no public record of significant litigation related to US 3,965,143. However, the patent's claims and scope would have been subject to examination and potential challenges during its lifetime.
Conclusion
United States Patent 3,965,143 represents a significant contribution to the field of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the synthesis and characterization of 16-oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives. Understanding the scope, claims, and patent landscape of this invention is crucial for both innovators and generic manufacturers.
Key Takeaways
- Patent Scope: The patent covers novel 16-oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives with detailed claims specifying the structural formula and synthesis methods.
- Claim Metrics: The length and count of independent claims provide insights into the patent's breadth and specificity.
- Regulatory Environment: The patent is subject to standard regulatory reviews but does not appear to have been extended under 35 U.S.C. 156(e)(1).
- Expiration and Generic Entry: The patent has expired, allowing for generic entry into the market.
- Therapeutic Applications: The compounds have potential therapeutic uses, particularly in areas related to prostaglandin functions.
- Industry Impact: The expiration of the patent can lead to increased competition and potentially lower healthcare costs.
FAQs
Q: What is the main subject of United States Patent 3,965,143?
A: The main subject is the synthesis and characterization of 16-oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives.
Q: What is the significance of the independent claims in this patent?
A: The independent claims define the broadest scope of the invention, specifying the general structure and key functional groups of the compounds.
Q: Has the patent term for US 3,965,143 been extended?
A: No, the patent term has not been extended under 35 U.S.C. 156(e)(1).
Q: What are the potential therapeutic applications of the compounds described in the patent?
A: The compounds have potential uses in treating conditions related to prostaglandin functions, such as inflammation and cardiovascular diseases.
Q: What is the current status of the patent?
A: The patent has expired, allowing for generic entry into the market.
Sources
- US3965143A - 16-Oxygenated prostanoic acid derivatives - Google Patents
- Extension Under 35 U.S.C. 156(e)(1) - OG Date: 29 July 2003 - United States Patent and Trademark Office
- Patent Claims and Patent Scope - Hoover Institution
- Patent 2295595 Summary - Canadian Patents Database
- Drugs covered by patent 3,965,143 - Drug Patent Watch