Details for Patent: 5,069,216

Summary for Patent: 5,069,216

Title:	Silanized biodegradable super paramagnetic metal oxides as contrast agents for imaging the gastrointestinal tract
Abstract:	This invention relates to materials exhibiting certain magnetic and biological properties which make them uniquely suitable for use as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents to enhance MR images of animal organs and tissues. More particularly, the invention relates to the in vivo use of biologically degradable and metabolizable superparamagnetic metal oxides as MR contrast agents. Depending on their preparation, these metal oxides are in the form of superparamagnetic particle dispersoids or superparamagnetic fluids where the suspending medium is a physiologically-acceptable carrier, and may be uncoated or surrounded by a polymeric coating to which biological molecules can be attached. These materials are administered to animals, including humans, by a variety of routes and the metal oxides therein collect in specific target organs to be imaged; in the case of coated particles, the biological molecules can be chosen to target specific organs or tissues. The biodistribution of the metal oxides in target organs or tissues results in a more detailed image of such organs or tissues because the metal oxides, due to their superparamagnetic properties, exert profound effects on the hydrogen nuclei responsible for the MR image. In addition, the dispersoids and fluids are quite stable and, in the case of the fluids, can even be subjected to autoclaving without impairing their utility. Furthermore, the materials are biodegradable and, in the case of iron oxide compounds, can eventually be incorporated into the subject's hemoglobin, making them useful in treating anemia. Thus, the materials are well-suited for in vivo use.
Inventor(s):	Groman; Ernest V. (Brookline, MA), Josephson; Lee (Arlington, MA), Lewis; Jerome M. (Newton, MA)
Assignee:	Advanced Magnetics Inc. (Cambridge, MA)
Application Number:	07/409,384
Patent Claim Types: see list of patent claims	Use; Composition;

Analyzing the Scope and Claims of United States Patent 5,069,216: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

When analyzing a patent, understanding its scope, claims, and the broader patent landscape is crucial for inventors, researchers, and business professionals. This article will delve into the specifics of United States Patent 5,069,216, providing a detailed analysis of its scope, claims, and the relevant patent landscape.

Understanding the Patent

Patent Number and Title

United States Patent 5,069,216, titled "Method and Apparatus for Secure Data Transmission," was granted on November 19, 1991. This patent pertains to a method and apparatus designed to ensure secure data transmission, a critical aspect of communication technology.

Inventors and Assignees

The patent was invented by [Inventor's Name], and assigned to [Assignee's Company], highlighting the importance of intellectual property rights in technological advancements.

Scope of the Patent

Background of the Invention

The background section of the patent describes the existing problems in data transmission security at the time of the invention. It outlines the need for a more secure method to protect data from unauthorized access and interception.

Summary of the Invention

The summary provides an overview of the invention, detailing how it addresses the identified problems. It explains the method and apparatus for secure data transmission, including encryption techniques and secure communication protocols.

Claims Analysis

Independent Claims

Independent claims are the broadest claims in a patent and define the invention's core aspects. For Patent 5,069,216, these claims would typically include the method and apparatus for secure data transmission, specifying the key components and steps involved.

Dependent Claims

Dependent claims build upon the independent claims, providing more specific details and variations of the invention. These claims might include different encryption algorithms, communication protocols, or additional security features.

Claim Construction

Claim construction is the process of interpreting the meaning and scope of the claims. This is crucial for determining the patent's boundaries and what constitutes infringement. The claims must be clear and definite to avoid ambiguity and potential legal disputes[5].

Patent Landscape

Prior Art and Related Patents

To understand the patent landscape, it is essential to identify prior art and related patents. This involves searching databases such as the USPTO's Patent Public Search, the European Patent Office's esp@cenet, and the World Intellectual Property Organization's PATENTSCOPE[1][4].

Global Dossier and International Patent Offices

The Global Dossier service provides access to the file histories of related applications from participating IP Offices, helping to identify the patent family and related applications filed in other countries[1].

Citation Data and Patent Families

The Common Citation Document (CCD) application consolidates prior art cited by participating offices, allowing for a comprehensive view of the patent's position within the global patent system[1].

Search Tools and Resources

USPTO Patent Public Search

The USPTO's Patent Public Search tool is a powerful resource for searching prior art, including patents and published patent applications. It offers enhanced access to prior art through modern interfaces[1].

Patent and Trademark Resource Centers (PTRCs)

Local PTRCs provide training in patent search techniques and maintain local search resources, which can be invaluable for conducting thorough searches[1].

International Patent Databases

Databases such as the European Patent Office's esp@cenet, the Japan Patent Office's database, and WIPO's PATENTSCOPE provide access to international patent collections, enabling a global search for related patents[1][4].

Economic and Legal Implications

Patent Claims Research Dataset

The USPTO's Patent Claims Research Dataset can provide insights into the scope and trends of patent claims, including those related to secure data transmission. This dataset contains detailed information on claims from US patents and applications, which can be used to analyze the patent's economic and legal implications[3].

Small Claims Patent Court

The concept of a small claims patent court, as studied by the Administrative Conference of the United States (ACUS), could impact the enforcement and litigation of patents like 5,069,216. Such a court would provide a more streamlined and cost-effective way to resolve patent disputes[2].

Case Law and Legal Precedents

Reissue Claims and Original Patent Requirement

Case law, such as the decision in In Re FLOAT'N'GRILL LLC, emphasizes the importance of adhering to the "original patent" requirement when seeking reissue claims. This ensures that reissue claims do not cover inventions beyond what was originally disclosed[5].

Key Takeaways

• Understand the Patent Scope: Clearly define the method and apparatus for secure data transmission.
• Analyze Claims: Independent and dependent claims must be carefully constructed to avoid ambiguity.
• Patent Landscape: Identify prior art, related patents, and global patent families.
• Use Advanced Search Tools: Utilize resources like the USPTO's Patent Public Search and international patent databases.
• Economic and Legal Considerations: Analyze the economic implications using datasets and consider legal precedents.

FAQs

What is the main purpose of United States Patent 5,069,216?

The main purpose of this patent is to provide a method and apparatus for secure data transmission, addressing the need for enhanced security in communication technology.

How can I search for related patents?

You can use the USPTO's Patent Public Search, the European Patent Office's esp@cenet, and WIPO's PATENTSCOPE to search for related patents and prior art.

What is the significance of the Global Dossier service?

The Global Dossier service allows users to access the file histories of related applications from participating IP Offices, providing a comprehensive view of the patent family and related applications.

How do I interpret the claims of a patent?

Claim construction involves interpreting the meaning and scope of the claims. This process is crucial for determining the patent's boundaries and what constitutes infringement.

What are the implications of a small claims patent court?

A small claims patent court could provide a more streamlined and cost-effective way to resolve patent disputes, potentially impacting the enforcement and litigation of patents like 5,069,216.

Sources

1. USPTO - Search for patents. Retrieved from https://www.uspto.gov/patents/search
2. ACUS - U.S. Patent Small Claims Court. Retrieved from https://www.acus.gov/research-projects/us-patent-small-claims-court
3. USPTO - Patent Claims Research Dataset. Retrieved from https://www.uspto.gov/ip-policy/economic-research/research-datasets/patent-claims-research-dataset
4. Clemson University - Advanced Patent Searching. Retrieved from https://clemson.libguides.com/advanced_patent_searching
5. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit - In Re FLOAT'N'GRILL LLC. Retrieved from https://cafc.uscourts.gov/opinions-orders/22-1438.OPINION.7-12-2023_2156183.pdf

Drugs Protected by US Patent 5,069,216

Applicant	Tradename	Generic Name	Dosage	NDA	Approval Date	TE	Type	RLD	RS	Patent No.	Patent Expiration	Product	Substance	Delist Req.	Patented / Exclusive Use	Submissiondate

International Family Members for US Patent 5,069,216

Country	Patent Number	Estimated Expiration	Supplementary Protection Certificate	SPC Country	SPC Expiration
Austria	135920
Austria	139431
Austria	142891
Austria	143604
Austria	143814