Details for Patent: 5,550,165

Summary for Patent: 5,550,165

Title:	Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of hereditary tyosinemia type I
Abstract:	The invention concerns novel pharmaceutical compositions containing as an active ingredient a 2-benzoyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione which is an inhibitor of the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). The compositions are valuable in the treating those disorders and diseases in which it is desirable to intervene in the metabolic sequences catalysed by HPPD, such as in treating tyrosinemia type I.
Inventor(s):	Ellis; Martin K. (Macclesfield, GB2), Lindstedt; Sven T. (Lund, SE), Lock; Edward A. (Wilmslow, GB2), Markstedt; Maj E. H. (Billdal, SE), Mutter; Linda C. (Bloomfield, CA), Prisbylla; Michael P. (Richmond, CA)
Assignee:	Zeneca Limited (London, GB2)
Application Number:	08/359,361
Patent Claim Types: see list of patent claims	Use; Composition; Compound; Formulation; Dosage form;

Detailed Analysis of the Scope and Claims of United States Patent 5,550,165

Introduction

United States Patent 5,550,165, titled "Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of hereditary tyrosinemia type I," is a significant patent in the field of pharmaceuticals, particularly in the treatment of genetic disorders. Here, we will delve into the scope, claims, and the broader patent landscape surrounding this invention.

Background and Context

Hereditary tyrosinemia type I is a rare genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH). This deficiency leads to the accumulation of toxic substances in the body, resulting in severe health issues. The patent addresses this condition by introducing specific pharmaceutical compositions aimed at treating this disorder.

Scope of the Patent

The scope of the patent is defined by its claims, which outline the specific inventions and innovations covered. Here are the key aspects:

Claims Overview

• The patent claims cover pharmaceutical compositions that include specific compounds, such as those involving the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), which is implicated in the metabolic pathway affected by hereditary tyrosinemia type I[2].
• The claims describe various forms of the pharmaceutical compositions, including mixtures, salts, and different modes of administration (e.g., oral, parenteral)[2].

Specific Compounds and Formulations

• The patent details the use of compounds such as trifluoromethylbenzoyl derivatives, which are designed to inhibit the HPPD enzyme, thereby reducing the accumulation of toxic metabolites[2].
• It also covers various formulations, including powders, syrups, hard capsules, and lozenges, ensuring the active ingredients are delivered effectively[2].

Claims Analysis

The claims of the patent are crucial as they define the legal boundaries of the invention.

Independent Claims

• The independent claims typically define the broadest scope of the invention. For example, Claim 1 might describe the pharmaceutical composition in its most general form, while subsequent claims narrow down to specific embodiments[2].

Dependent Claims

• Dependent claims build upon the independent claims, adding additional limitations or features. These claims help to protect specific aspects of the invention, such as particular formulations or methods of administration[2].

Patent Landscape Analysis

To understand the broader context and significance of this patent, a patent landscape analysis is essential.

Defining Scope and Keywords

• The analysis begins by defining the technology field and specific keywords related to hereditary tyrosinemia type I and the compounds used in the treatment. This helps in identifying relevant patents and organizing them based on factors like filing date and assignee[3].

Identifying Trends and Key Players

• The analysis reveals trends in patent filings related to genetic disorders and pharmaceutical treatments. Key players in this field include pharmaceutical companies and research institutions that have filed patents related to similar treatments[3].

Analyzing Citations and Evolution

• Studying the citations and how patents reference each other provides insights into the development and impact of the inventions. This can show how the patent in question builds upon or differs from prior art[3].

Competitive Landscape

The competitive landscape in the field of pharmaceutical treatments for genetic disorders is highly competitive.

Other Relevant Patents

• Other patents in this domain may cover different aspects of treating hereditary tyrosinemia or other genetic disorders. For example, patents related to gene therapy or different enzymatic inhibitors might be relevant[1].

International Patent Filings

• The patent landscape extends beyond the United States. International filings, such as those through the European Patent Office (EPO), Japan Patent Office (JPO), and World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), need to be considered to understand the global scope of similar inventions[1].

Valuation and Strategic Importance

The value of a patent like US 5,550,165 can be significant due to its potential to treat a rare and severe genetic disorder.

Valuation Methods

• The value can be determined using cost, income, and market approaches. The income approach, which considers the future benefits provided by the patent, is particularly relevant for pharmaceutical patents with potential for high revenue[4].

Market Transactions

• Historical transactions involving similar patents can provide benchmarks. For instance, the sale of patent portfolios by companies like Novell and Nortel to consortia of major tech firms highlights the high value placed on intellectual property in the pharmaceutical and biotech sectors[4].

Key Takeaways

• Scope and Claims: The patent covers specific pharmaceutical compositions and methods for treating hereditary tyrosinemia type I, with a focus on compounds inhibiting the HPPD enzyme.
• Patent Landscape: The analysis reveals a competitive landscape with key players in pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, and international filings that extend the scope beyond the U.S.
• Valuation: The patent's value is significant due to its potential for treating a rare genetic disorder, and its valuation can be determined using various methods including income and market approaches.

FAQs

1. What is the main focus of United States Patent 5,550,165?

   • The main focus is on pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of hereditary tyrosinemia type I, specifically targeting the HPPD enzyme.

2. How do the claims of the patent define its scope?

   • The claims define the scope by outlining the specific compounds, formulations, and methods of administration covered by the patent.

3. What is the importance of patent landscape analysis in this context?

   • Patent landscape analysis helps in understanding the broader context, identifying trends, key players, and the evolution of related patents.

4. How is the value of a pharmaceutical patent like US 5,550,165 determined?

   • The value can be determined using cost, income, and market approaches, with the income approach being particularly relevant for pharmaceutical patents.

5. What are some examples of high-value patent transactions in the pharmaceutical sector?

   • Examples include the sale of Novell's patents to CPTN Holdings and the acquisition of Nortel's assets by Rockstar Bidco, highlighting the significant value placed on intellectual property in this sector[4].

Cited Sources

1. USPTO - Search for Patents

   • https://www.uspto.gov/patents/search

2. Google Patents - US5550165A

   • https://patents.google.com/patent/US5550165A/en

3. Goldstein Patent Law - How to Do Patent Landscape Analysis

   • https://www.goldsteinpatentlaw.com/how-to-patent-landscape-analysis/

4. Perpetual Motion Patents - The Value of a Patent

   • https://perpetualmotionpatents.com/the-value-of-a-patent/

5. Google APIs - US5550165.pdf

   • https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/72/98/b6/81b33d8c8a452d/US5550165.pdf

Drugs Protected by US Patent 5,550,165

Applicant	Tradename	Generic Name	Dosage	NDA	Approval Date	TE	Type	RLD	RS	Patent No.	Patent Expiration	Product	Substance	Delist Req.	Patented / Exclusive Use	Submissiondate

Foreign Priority and PCT Information for Patent: 5,550,165

Foriegn Application Priority Data
Foreign Country	Foreign Patent Number	Foreign Patent Date
United Kingdom	9113622	Jun 24, 1991
United Kingdom	9206412	Mar 24, 1992

International Family Members for US Patent 5,550,165

Country	Patent Number	Estimated Expiration	Supplementary Protection Certificate	SPC Country	SPC Expiration
European Patent Office	0591275		CA 2005 00029	Denmark
European Patent Office	0591275		91180	Luxembourg
European Patent Office	0591275		SPC/GB05/030	United Kingdom