United States Patent 5,723,606: A Detailed Analysis of Scope, Claims, and Patent Landscape
Introduction
United States Patent 5,723,606, titled "Vasopressin Receptor Antagonists," is a significant patent in the field of cardiovascular and renal diseases. This patent, issued to the Warner-Lambert Company, involves the use of vasopressin receptor antagonists, which have therapeutic applications in treating conditions such as heart failure and hyponatremia.
Background
Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), plays a crucial role in regulating water balance and blood pressure in the body. Vasopressin receptor antagonists are designed to block the action of vasopressin, thereby reducing water reabsorption in the kidneys and decreasing blood pressure.
Scope of the Patent
The scope of U.S. Patent 5,723,606 encompasses the composition of matter and methods of use for vasopressin receptor antagonists. Here are the key aspects:
Composition of Matter
The patent describes specific chemical compounds that act as vasopressin receptor antagonists. These compounds are designed to bind to vasopressin receptors, thereby inhibiting the action of vasopressin. The detailed chemical structures and synthesis methods are provided in the patent specification[5].
Methods of Use
The patent claims include methods for treating various conditions using these vasopressin receptor antagonists. These conditions include:
- Heart Failure: By reducing the workload on the heart and decreasing fluid retention.
- Hyponatremia: By increasing sodium levels in the blood.
- Other Cardiovascular Diseases: Such as hypertension and edema[5].
Claims
The patent includes several claims that define the scope of protection:
Independent Claims
These claims define the broadest scope of the invention, including the composition of matter and methods of use for the vasopressin receptor antagonists.
Dependent Claims
These claims narrow down the scope by specifying particular aspects of the invention, such as specific chemical structures, dosages, and administration methods.
Patent Landscape
The patent landscape surrounding U.S. Patent 5,723,606 is complex and involves several key players and related patents.
Related Patents
Other patents in this field include combinations of ACE inhibitors and vasopressin antagonists, which are used to treat conditions like chronic heart failure and ventricular dilation[1].
Competitors and Challengers
The pharmaceutical industry is highly competitive, and patents like 5,723,606 are often challenged by generic manufacturers. For example, patents related to Acetadote, another pharmaceutical product, have faced numerous challenges from companies like Perrigo, Sagent, and Mylan[2].
International Protection
Patents in this field often seek international protection through the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) and national phase entries in various countries. This ensures broader market protection and compliance with global intellectual property standards[1][4].
Regulatory Approval
The regulatory approval process for drugs involving vasopressin receptor antagonists is stringent. For instance, the FDA's review of products like Vaprisol (conivaptan hydrochloride) involves thorough clinical trials and safety evaluations[5].
Economic Impact
Patents like 5,723,606 have significant economic implications. They protect the intellectual property of pharmaceutical companies, allowing them to recoup their investment in research and development. This protection also incentivizes further innovation in the field.
Technological Trends
The technological landscape in pharmaceuticals is rapidly evolving. Advances in drug discovery and development, such as the use of AI and machine learning, are changing how new drugs are identified and brought to market. Patents must adapt to these trends to remain relevant[3].
Challenges and Opportunities
Challenges in this field include the high cost of drug development, regulatory hurdles, and competition from generic drugs. However, opportunities exist in expanding the therapeutic applications of vasopressin receptor antagonists and developing new compounds with improved efficacy and safety profiles.
Key Takeaways
- Vasopressin Receptor Antagonists: These compounds have therapeutic potential in treating heart failure, hyponatremia, and other cardiovascular diseases.
- Patent Scope: The patent covers specific chemical compounds and methods of use.
- Regulatory Approval: FDA approval is crucial for the commercialization of these drugs.
- Economic Impact: Patents protect intellectual property and incentivize innovation.
- Technological Trends: Advances in drug discovery and development are shaping the future of pharmaceuticals.
FAQs
Q: What is the primary use of vasopressin receptor antagonists?
A: The primary use is to treat conditions such as heart failure and hyponatremia by blocking the action of vasopressin.
Q: How do vasopressin receptor antagonists work?
A: They bind to vasopressin receptors, inhibiting the action of vasopressin and reducing water reabsorption in the kidneys and blood pressure.
Q: What is the significance of U.S. Patent 5,723,606?
A: This patent protects the composition of matter and methods of use for specific vasopressin receptor antagonists, ensuring intellectual property protection for the inventors.
Q: What are some related patents in this field?
A: Other patents include combinations of ACE inhibitors and vasopressin antagonists, used to treat chronic heart failure and ventricular dilation.
Q: How do regulatory approvals impact these patents?
A: Regulatory approvals, such as those from the FDA, are essential for the commercialization of drugs involving vasopressin receptor antagonists, ensuring safety and efficacy.
Cited Sources
- Canadian Patents Database: ACE INHIBITOR-VASOPRESSIN ANTAGONIST COMBINATIONS.
- Cumberland Pharma: September 14, 2015 Via EDGAR United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
- USPTO: Patent Claims Research Dataset.
- USPTO: Search for patents.
- USPTO: UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE - USPTO.
